(1) A resource recovery method involving the collection and treatment of a waste product for use as raw material in the manufacture of the same or a similar product.
(2) The EU waste strategy distinguishes between: reuse meant as a material reuse without any structural changes in materials; recycling meant as a material recycling, only, and with a reference to structural changes in products; and recovery meant as an energy recovery only.
VS
Upcycling: (1) The process of converting waste materials or useless products into new materials or products of better quality or a higher environmental value.
(2) If one can add value – economic, emotional, intellectual, material – to a product through the process of reuse, whilst conserving resources that went into production, it can be called ‘upcycling’.
Sources: Life Cycle Thinking And Assessment
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